Monarda — Growing reference
| Scientific name | Monarda didyma |
|---|---|
| Seed germination (days) | 14–21 |
| Soil temperature for germination (°C) | 15.6–21.1 |
| First harvest or flowering (days) | 90–120 |
| Measured from | Transplant |
| Plant spacing (cm) | 45.7–61 |
| Mature height (cm) | 61–121.9 |
| Mature spread (cm) | 45.7–91.4 |
| USDA hardiness zones | 3–9 |
| Light | Full sun |
| Water | Moderate |
| Sowing method | Division |
Growing directions
Plant divisions or container plants in moist, well-drained, moderately fertile soil in full sun to partial shade, spacing 18–24 inches apart; bee balm is an eastern North American native herb with shaggy, whorled, scarlet or pink flower heads from midsummer through early fall that are the preferred nectar source of ruby-throated hummingbirds in eastern gardens. The leaves and flowers have a bergamot-orange flavor and aroma, making them valuable for brewing Oswego tea (historically used by the Oswego nation and early American colonists), garnishing salads, and flavoring jellies. Powdery mildew is a persistent issue in humid climates — choose resistant cultivars like 'Jacob Cline', 'Raspberry Wine', or 'Gardenview Scarlet'. Divide overcrowded clumps every 2–3 years in spring; replant vigorous outer portions and discard the worn-out center.
Source and local conditions
Typical planning ranges from OpenPlantDB (CC0). Cultivar, climate, season and growing method can change these values. Confirm the seed label and local guidance before planting.
Source & verification
OpenPlantDB · CC0