Picea sitchensis
Trees & Shrubs

Sitka Spruce

Picea sitchensis

Sitka Spruce · Light: Full sun · Water: High. Typical planning ranges from OpenPlantDB (CC0). Cultivar, climate, season and growing method can change these values. Confirm the seed label and local guidance before planting.

LightFull sun
WaterHigh
DifficultyModerate
CategoryTrees & Shrubs
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Climate matters. This page is a practical baseline. Confirm cultivar, local frost/heat conditions, mature size and regional restrictions before planting.

Sitka Spruce — Growing reference

Scientific namePicea sitchensis
Seed germination (days)14–30
Soil temperature for germination (°C)7.2–18.3
First harvest or flowering (days)730–1825
Measured fromSeed
Plant spacing (cm)609.6–1219.2
Mature height (cm)1828.8–9144
Mature spread (cm)457.2–914.4
USDA hardiness zones5–8
LightFull sun
WaterHigh
Sowing methodDirect sow

Growing directions

Plant seeds or container-grown trees in spring in moist, slightly acidic, well-drained to moist, deep, fertile to average loamy or sandy soil in full sun; Sitka spruce is the largest spruce in the world and the third largest conifer — reaching up to 300 feet in the old-growth forests of the Pacific Northwest and Southeast Alaska. The Champion Tree in Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park is over 300 feet tall. Native to the Pacific Coast fog belt from northern California to Alaska, it grows in the perpetually moist, fog-drip zone where rainfall can reach 200 inches per year. The characteristic very sharp, stiff needles and the flat, pendant branches create a distinctive large-scale landscape form. Sitka spruce wood has the highest strength-to-weight ratio of any wood and was the primary material for early aircraft construction — nearly all World War I aircraft frames and Howard Hughes's 'Spruce Goose' were built from it. One of the premier coastal windbreak trees where fog and ocean influence moderate summer drought.

Source and local conditions

Typical planning ranges from OpenPlantDB (CC0). Cultivar, climate, season and growing method can change these values. Confirm the seed label and local guidance before planting.

OpenPlantDB · sitka-spruce

Source & verification

OpenPlantDB · CC0

Open reference source ↗