Eggplant high yield management method

Eggplant can be divided into three types according to its maturity time: early-maturing, mid-maturing and late-maturing. Early-maturing eggplant varieties usually have shorter plants, grow faster, have fewer branches, produce smaller fruits, and flower and fruit earlier. In contrast, late-maturing eggplant varieties have taller plants, grow slower, have more branches, produce larger fruits, and flower and fruit later. Let’s learn about the high-yield management methods of eggplant.

1. Seed treatment

First, dry the seeds on a sunny day for 2 days to break the dormancy period. Then put the seeds in warm water at 53-55 degrees and stir for 15 minutes for high temperature sterilization. After that, soak the seeds in clean water at 28-30 degrees for 6-8 hours to allow the seeds to fully absorb water and soften the seed shell. Finally, wash the mucus on the surface of the seeds with clean water, wrap them with wet gauze, and place them in a warm and humid environment of about 28 degrees to keep warm and moist. After most of the seeds turn white, they can be sown.

2. Sowing and seedling raising

Before sowing, prepare the seedbed carefully to ensure that the soil is fine, flat and loose. Apply 150-200 kg of biological organic fertilizer or 1500-2500 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20-25 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer per mu, mix with the soil and turn it into the ground. According to the dosage of 30-50 grams of seeds per mu, water the bottom thoroughly before sowing. After the water penetrates, spread the seeds evenly, cover with 0.8-1.2 cm of fine soil, and cover with plastic film to keep warm and retain moisture. After sowing, keep the soil moist, the temperature of the seedbed should be 20-25 degrees during the day and 16-20 degrees at night, and it will germinate in about a week.

3. Transplanting and planting

When the eggplant seedlings have 4-5 true leaves, they are ready for transplanting. Before transplanting, ensure that the soil temperature of the planting site is not lower than 15-20 degrees, and prepare the land and apply fertilizer half a month in advance. 5-7 days before transplanting, lower the temperature and control the water to harden the seedlings appropriately, and adjust the temperature of the seedbed to 15-18 degrees during the day and 10-12 degrees at night. Spray fungicide 3-5 days before transplanting, water thoroughly the day before, and transplant the seedlings with soil on the next day. Choose a cloudy or sunny afternoon for transplanting to increase the survival rate.

4. Water and fertilizer management

If there is sufficient base fertilizer, water and apply fertilizer appropriately according to the soil moisture and growth rate after the seedlings have grown and survived and before they bud and bloom. If the growth is weak, you can apply urea or spray urea water + potassium dihydrogen phosphate. From the beginning of budding to 5-7 days before flowering, apply balanced compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Control water appropriately after flowering to promote fruit setting. After the young fruits are set, keep the field moist and apply high-nitrogen or balanced compound fertilizer in several applications. Stop fertilizing after the fruit changes color and matures, and stop watering 5-7 days before harvest.

5. Plant management

Thin out the trees in the middle and late stages to increase subsequent fruit yield and quality. When pruning, remove the first flower and select a strong branch, and then select 3 branches based on their growth. When grown in a greenhouse , pinch off the main stem when it grows to 1.5-1.8 meters. When removing leaves, remove the old yellow leaves in the middle and lower parts, retain 2-3 functional leaves, and remove the leaves in batches to avoid excessively weakening the growth of the plant.

The above is the high-yield cultivation technique of eggplant. There are many varieties of eggplant. Many friends usually only pay attention to water and fertilizer management. In fact, pinching and leaf removal are very important.