How to grow wheat to achieve high yield?

Wheat is one of the important food crops in my country and is widely planted. For growers, increasing wheat yield is a core issue of common concern. So how can we grow wheat to achieve high yield?

1. Preparation before sowing

1. Land cultivation

Before sowing wheat, deep plowing or deep loosening of more than 30 cm should be carried out. Even when tilling, it is necessary to ensure sufficient depth and quality.

2. Soil moisture regulation

Ensuring appropriate soil moisture is the key to wheat sowing, seedling protection, promoting pre-winter tillering, healthy root development, enhancing cold resistance, and forming strong seedlings. When natural rainfall is insufficient, irrigation is necessary to regulate soil moisture, generally requiring 40 to 50 cubic meters of water per acre.

/3. Reasonable fertilization

Due to long-term reliance on chemical fertilizers, beneficial bacteria in the soil have decreased, while harmful bacteria have increased, leading to an increase in crop diseases. Therefore, the use of organic fertilizer must be increased when growing wheat. On the basis of applying sufficient organic fertilizer, the reasonable amount of chemical fertilizer is 40 to 50 kilograms per mu. For plots where straw is returned to the fields, nitrogen fertilizer should be added to the base fertilizer to avoid yellowing of seedlings and weak growth.

4. Variety selection

There are many varieties of wheat on the market. When choosing, you should consider whether it is suitable for local conditions, such as cold resistance, drought resistance, disease resistance, saline-alkali resistance, growth period, straw height, etc. We should not simply pursue high yields, because even if the variety is high-yielding, it will be difficult to achieve the ideal yield if management measures are not in place or environmental conditions are not suitable. Appropriate varieties should be selected based on factors such as soil fertility, environment, and production conditions. For clay soils, it is recommended to plant horny wheat varieties.

2. Seeding Technology

1. Sowing time

According to the characteristics of wheat varieties and climate changes. Sowing too early may lead to vigorous growth and frost damage before winter, while sowing too late may cause poor root development due to insufficient accumulated temperature, affecting the formation of strong seedlings and the number of tillers.

2. Seeding amount

The number of ears per mu in high-yield plots is usually over 400,000. The sowing rate of stubble wheat should be determined according to the sowing time and the thousand-grain weight of the seeds. The amount of wheat seeds required for timely sowing is about 30 kilograms. After October 15, one kilogram of seeds should be added for every day of delay, up to a maximum of 60 kilograms.

3. Seed treatment

The effect of seed dressing with fenpropimorph and chlorfenapyr is better. For underground pests and planthoppers, thiamethoxam can be used for seed dressing.

4. Sowing depth

The current wheat sowing depth is generally too deep, which increases the difficulty of emergence. The reasonable sowing depth should be about 5 cm, which is conducive to the formation of strong wheat seedlings, enhance stress resistance, and lay the foundation for a good harvest.

5. Post-sowing suppression

Experiments and investigations have shown that post-sowing suppression is an effective measure to ensure full and strong seedlings, enhance cold resistance and increase yield. Although some seed drills have a suppression function, the force may not be sufficient, so the suppression force needs to be appropriately increased to ensure full contact between the seeds and the soil and reduce frost damage and disease spread.

6. Weeding before winter

Chemical weed control before winter is effective and saves drugs, labor and time. It is usually carried out in early to mid-November when wheat is in the 4-5 leaf stage and before weeds are in the 3-leaf stage. The main weeds include Artemisia selengensis, Shepherd's purse, Aegilops tauschii, Bromus, wild oats, etc. Use mesotrione and bensulfuron-methyl to control Artemisia selengensis and shepherd's purse, mesotrione-methyl to control Aesculus tauschii, cypermethrin to control wild oats, and fluazifop-butyl to control brome. When spraying, be careful not to increase the amount of medicine at will to prevent pesticide damage. At the same time, ensure sufficient water use to ensure the weed control effect.

3. Spring Management

1. Water and fertilizer management during the jointing period

After wheat joints, it enters a critical period of water and fertilizer demand. Critical watering is required from March 5th to 10th, with 40 cubic meters of water required per mu. Combined with watering, apply about 30 kg of urea per mu.

2. Pest and disease control

The diseases and pests that wheat may suffer in spring include red spider mites, wheat aphids, sheath blight, powdery mildew, root rot, stem base rot, ergot, as well as adverse weather conditions such as dry and hot winds and lodging.

In early March, when the temperature is 8-10°C, control sheath blight and red spider mites. In early April, when the temperature is 15-17°C, control powdery mildew, sheath blight and aphids. At the end of April, when the flowers appear, control ergot, powdery mildew and aphids.

The prevention and control of ergot should be carried out when the wheat ears are in full bloom, and then repeated one week later.

Wheat red spider: When there are 200 spider mites per foot in a single row, take immediate action by spraying 30 ml of cypermethrin mixed with 60 catties of water.

Wheat aphids: When there are more than 300 aphids per square foot in a single row, take immediate action by spraying 40 grams of 10% imidacloprid diluted with 60-80 kilograms of water.

Wheat root rot and stem base rot: deep plowing, deep loosening, seed mixing with fungicides , improving land preparation quality, post-sowing suppression, and reasonable sowing depth are effective prevention and control measures. When watering the jointing plants in spring, applying fenpropimorph can reduce losses.

Fusarium head blight: Spray fenpropimorph before flowering for prevention, and apply a second time five days later.

Lodging and dry hot winds: Start using 0.2%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate liquid spray for prevention in late May, with obvious results.

The above are the key points for high-yield wheat cultivation, mainly for winter wheat cultivation. If you have any questions about the temperature for wheat cultivation, you can also leave a message.