What are peanut seeds?

Peanuts are mainly propagated through sexual reproduction through seeds. Therefore, understanding the morphological structure of its seeds can help us take more scientific cultivation measures to improve peanut yield and quality. So what are peanut seeds? Let’s learn more about it below.

What are peanut seeds?

Peanut seeds are commonly known as peanut kernels or peanuts, and are attached to the ventral suture of the pod. It mainly consists of two parts: seed coat and embryo. Among them, the seed coat is composed of three parts: the outer epidermis, the middle layer and the inner epidermis. The colors can be divided into purple, purple-red, purple-black, red, pink, light yellow, red and white, white, etc. The embryo can be divided into four parts: radicle, hypocotyl, plumule and cotyledon.

How to germinate peanut seeds ?

1. Soil pit germination

Earth pit germination is to use an outdoor sealed earth cellar, using the residual heat from soaking seeds and the heat from seed respiration to germinate. The specific method is to dig a pit about 50 cm deep in an open space sheltered from the wind and facing the sun, set up a drainage tunnel at the bottom of the pit and lay wet wheat straw. The graded and selected seeds are soaked in warm water and put into baskets, which are then placed in a pit and surrounded by wet wheat straw for insulation. Cover with straw mats and soil to seal. After one day and one night, the seed germination rate will reach 80%-90%, and you can pick the sprouts and sow them.

2. Germination on sand bed

Choose a place that is sheltered from the wind, facing the sun, and on high and dry terrain to build a sand bed. It should be low in the front and high in the back, 60 cm wide, and have air holes. Use 80℃ hot water to mix dry sand the size of millet grains to about 35℃ and moderate humidity. Mix seeds with 5 kg of hot sand at a ratio of 1 kg of seeds, spread them evenly on the sand bed to a thickness of 20-23 cm, and cover the surface with wet sand. Cover with plastic film and straw to maintain temperature and humidity, and control the temperature at 25-28℃. When the temperature is low, remove the straw thatch to increase temperature; when the temperature is high, ventilate to cool down. Check the moisture content after stacking for 14-16 hours. If dry, add warm water and mix well. After about 24 hours, sift the sand, pick out the sprouts and sow them.

3. Indoor germination

Soak the selected seeds in 35 to 40℃ warm water for one to two hours, take them out and put them in a leak-proof container, cover them with sacks, and keep the indoor temperature between 25 and 30℃. Rinse them with 30℃ warm water every two to three hours and turn them over gently to ensure uniform germination of seeds. After one day, when the seeds turn white, you can select and sow them.

In general, there are many varieties of peanuts, and their seed shapes are also different. Only by understanding their respective characteristics clearly and doing a good job of germination management can peanut seeds germinate and emerge normally, which can also lay a solid foundation for subsequent high yields.