Rice field management plan in March

Starting from mid-to-late March, farmers in the Yangtze River Basin provinces and South China will begin sowing and raising early rice and regenerated rice. In view of future weather conditions, farmer friends, please take a look at the rice field management plan for March.

1. Sowing at the right time

To sow early rice, we must take advantage of the sunny weather with a cold tail and a warm beginning. We can sow rice when the critical temperature exceeds 12°C for three consecutive days. If we use plastic film to grow rice seedlings, we can also sow rice when the critical temperature exceeds 9°C for more than three days.

2. Seed Soaking and Germination

The temperature in spring is changeable, which is a high-incidence period for germination rate accidents. Growers should pay special attention to the following key issues during the seed soaking and germination process.

1. Drying seeds

For conventional rice, the seeds can be dried in a sunny place for 6-8 hours 5-7 days before soaking and germination (exposure to direct sunlight is strictly prohibited). Hybrid rice does not need to be dried in the sun.

2. Rinse

Before soaking the seeds, first rinse them with clean water, remove the chaff floating on the water surface, and retain the plump seeds sinking to the bottom of the water, which is conducive to later germination and seedling formation. (Some early rice varieties will float on the water surface at first due to the large number of natural cracks. Farmers can stir them appropriately and let them stand for a while before removing the chaff.)

3. Seed soaking

(1) Seed soaking with chemicals

Considering the convenience and safety of seed soaking, it is recommended to use 25% prochloraz 2000-3000 times diluted solution to soak the seeds for 6 hours (i.e. 2 ml for 5 kg of water, soak 4-5 kg ​​of seeds). When soaking, the water level should be about 1 inch higher than the seeds, and the water should not be changed in the middle. So the seeds must be washed clean when rinsing.

(2) Intermittent seed soaking

The total soaking time for hybrid rice is about 12 hours, while that for conventional rice is recommended to be about 36 hours. Try to soak the seeds in running water ( river , etc.). If there is no running water, it is recommended to change the water every 4-6 hours. It is best to "soak in the day and dew at night".

4. Germination

After soaking, the seeds become transparent and can be drained. Wash the seeds, drain and let them air for 3-6 hours. Soak in warm water of about 40-45 degrees for 10-15 minutes, remove from the water and place in a safe place indoors while it is still hot to break the breast and germinate (lay sacks or straw, place wooden sticks on it to drain water, cover with sacks or old quilts after placing the seeds to keep warm). During the seed breast-breaking process, it is advisable to keep the center temperature of the pile at 32-35 degrees. When the temperature of the pile reaches 35℃, turn the pile over in time to cool it down (observe every 2 hours, and when the seeds are dry and white, let them cool and soak them in clean water for 5 minutes, drain and continue to break the breast). When the seeds break the breast and germinate naturally, the roots are one grain long and the sprouts are half a grain long (the roots of sprouts sown directly in the field can be shorter), they can be sown.

The worst thing to do when germinating is to stack the seeds too high or use woven bags with poor permeability.

3. Matters Needing Attention in Raising Seedlings

1. Water management

Before germination, it is strictly forbidden to flood the surface of the bed with water. Pay attention to the weather in a timely manner to ensure that “there is no water on rainy days, half of the ditch is filled with water on cloudy days, and the ditch is full of water on sunny days”. In case of continuous heavy rain, make preparations for drainage and clear the ditches in advance.

2. Temperature control for raising seedlings with mulch film

During the germination period, the temperature inside the film was controlled at 32-35℃ to promote uniform seedling growth. If the temperature is too high after germination, open the film at both ends for ventilation and cooling. If there is a long period of rainy weather, reduce the humidity inside the film every 3-5 days, and open the film at both ends for ventilation once at noon. During the 1-leaf stage, the appropriate temperature is maintained to keep moisture and strengthen the seedlings, and the temperature inside the film is controlled at around 25℃. During the 2-leaf stage, promote root growth, ventilate and harden the seedlings, and control the temperature inside the film at around 20℃. Harden the seedlings and control their growth during the 3-leaf stage.

3. Fertilization of rice seedling fields

When the seedlings have two leaves and one bud, apply 3-4 kg of urea per mu as "weaning fertilizer", and apply 5-6 kg of urea per mu as "wedding fertilizer" 4-5 days before transplanting. If fertilizer deficiency occurs during this period, you can immediately spray a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer on the leaves.

4. Disease and pest control

After all the seedlings have grown, spray 1500 times diluted 90% carbendazim wettable powder or 250 g of 75% dichlorvos wettable powder mixed with 40 kg of water per mu to prevent cotton rot and damping-off disease.

5. Strong seedling index

The early rice seedlings are 18-25 days old, have 2.5-3.5 leaves, are 12-17 cm tall, have a stem base width ≥ 2 mm, and have ≥ 10 white roots per plant. The seedlings are evenly spaced, with roots firmly intertwined and will not fall apart when lifted. Seedling density: 1.5-2.5 plants/cm2 for hybrid rice and 2.5-3.5 plants/cm2 for conventional rice.

That’s it