When is the best time to plant soybeans (soybean planting time and harvest cycle)

Soybean is a kind of soybean. People usually think that soybean is soybean, but it is wrong. There are more than a dozen kinds of soybean seed coat colors, which can be divided into five categories according to color, namely yellow, green, black, brown, and two-color.

We generally grow spring yellow soybeans and summer yellow soybeans here, while in some areas yellow soybeans and black soybeans are sown in spring, and brown tea beans are sown after harvesting early rice in autumn.

When is the best time to plant soybeans?

The sowing period of soybeans should be determined by factors such as climate, variety, soil quality, soil moisture, etc. Generally speaking, sowing can be done when the ground temperature at a depth of 5 cm is stable above 8°C. We usually sow spring soybeans when the outdoor temperature reaches above 15°C.

Although there are large differences in the sowing period of soybeans of different cultivation types, striving for early sowing within the appropriate sowing period is one of the key factors for obtaining high yields of soybeans, especially summer soybeans, and the cultivation technology strives to be early.

For example, where we plant soybeans in spring, it should be after Qingming Festival, usually from late March to early April. In high-altitude and cold areas such as the Northeast, it is generally best to plant soybeans from late April to early May .

We also plant summer soybeans here, which are usually planted immediately after wheat harvest, in mid-to-late June. In the southern region, it is usually planted from late May to early June .

In some places where the temperature is higher, autumn soybeans and winter soybeans are sown. Autumn soybeans are generally sown from mid-July to early August, and winter soybeans are sown from late December to early January of the following year .

In order to achieve high yield of soybeans, in addition to early sowing at the right time, you also need to pay attention to seed treatment, crop rotation, fertilizer and water management, and disease and pest control.

Soybean planting methods and management techniques

1. Processing seeds

Before sowing soybeans, the seeds should be dried, mixed and coated. First, the seeds should be dried for 1-3 days to increase the germination rate. Secondly, the seeds should be mixed with micro-fertilizers, such as ammonium molybdate; thirdly, special seed coating agents for beans can be used for coating.

2. Seeding density

The sowing density of soybeans should be determined based on the variety's growth period, branching characteristics, growth habits, soil fertility, water conditions, etc.

For plots with long growth period, strong branching, tall plants, fertile soil and good water conditions, the density should be appropriately reduced, otherwise the density should be increased. The sowing density of summer soybeans should be higher than that of spring soybeans.

Here, generally speaking, if spring soybeans are sown manually, 6-8 jin of seeds are used per mu. If sown by machine, it is usually 8-10 jin, and there are also around 12 jin.

3. Flowers but no fruits

In recent years, it has become a rare thing to grow soybeans here. Soybeans are almost extinct, mainly because the soybeans planted only grow into plants, bloom and produce pods, but no grains.

There are many reasons, which can be summarized as follows:

One reason is the variety . As the saying goes, "a thousand miles of wheat, a hundred miles of beans", which shows that the adaptability of soybean varieties is narrow.

If late-maturing varieties are sown, the low temperature during grain filling will seriously affect the speed of grain filling, thus inducing flowering without fruiting. For example, soybean varieties introduced from the south to the north will have changes such as extended growth period, delayed maturity, and increased plant height. If varieties are introduced from the north to the south, the growth period will be shortened, maturity will be early, and the pods and grains will be small.

The second is the lack of trace elements in the soil . For example, the lack of boron in the soil will cause soybeans to bloom but not bear fruit, because boron is an important trace element for the formation and growth of soybean pods.

The third is inadequate management , such as soil compaction, weeds being scarce, and excessive sowing density that affects ventilation and light transmission.

Fourth, it is due to the impact of adverse climate such as drought or waterlogging .

Fifth, there are the impacts of pests and diseases, and pesticide damage, such as viral diseases, corn borer, and corn herbicide drift damage.

Sixth, the time for self-retaining seeds is too long , which leads to aging of varieties, mixing, degeneration of species characteristics, and weakening of resistance to adversities.

Anyway, it is not a single harm caused by these reasons, but a combined harm of multiple factors. In addition, the soybean yield is low and the price is not good, resulting in soybeans blooming but not bearing fruit, or blooming but not bearing seeds, etc., which makes farmers miserable. They have to stop planting soybeans and switch to other crops.