Kiwifruit Management Techniques in September

As September approaches, the temperature begins to drop gradually and the temperature difference between day and night becomes more obvious. In order to enhance the nutrient storage capacity of trees, orchard management in autumn needs to focus on two aspects: one is "increasing revenue", that is, improving the synthesis and accumulation of nutrients; the other is "reducing expenditure", that is, reducing the ineffective consumption of nutrients. Let’s learn about kiwifruit management techniques in September.

1. Ring peeling of fruiting mother branches

During the growth and development of kiwifruit, in order to increase the dry matter content of the fruit, the base of the main trunk or fruiting branch is usually ringed in the 13th to 14th week after the fruit sets (around August). The specific ring-barking time of this operation should be determined according to the flowering time of the kiwifruit variety. When ring barking, make sure to cut through the bark while trying to avoid damaging the wood. The width of the peel should be controlled at about 0.5 cm. The same ring-barking measures can also be taken for the base of the previously retained leggy branches to control their excessive growth momentum and increase their germination rate in the next year.

In addition, another method can be used, which is to use plastic rope in the form of a "pig's hoof buckle" to moderately tie the base of the branches and vines, and then cut them off when the marks are deep enough. This method can also achieve the effect of ring barking and help promote the improvement of fruit quality.

2. Tip pruning and pinching

1. Result Tree Management

For kiwifruit trees that have already borne fruit, the fruiting branches outside the second wire should be pruned, retaining leaves equal to or 1.5 times the number of fruits, and then cut. This practice helps improve air circulation and light conditions on the shelf, promotes the accumulation of sugar inside the fruit, and thus increases the single fruit weight and overall quality.

For branches that are entangled with each other, they should be pruned or untangled in time to ensure that the branches can spread out naturally and further improve lighting conditions. For young branches, pinching is also required.

2. Management of high-grafted trees

Tie the branches and vines according to the tree structure of "one main tree and two vines". After selecting the main vine, tie it along the center wire, and tie other redundant branches evenly perpendicular to the main vine to quickly expand the photosynthetic effective area. For the entangled branches and vines, untie them, lightly pinch off the tips, and tie them evenly to the empty spaces on the frame. Untie the grafting site in time, and apply ulcer to the grafting site while removing the graft membrane to promote healing and prevent the occurrence of ulcers. For drooping branches, they should be rolled back and tied to the empty spaces on the frame to make full use of the space.

In addition, applying 0.2% amino acids or 0.2% humic acid through foliar spray, combined with 1500 times diluted potassium phosphite and 0.3% to 0.5% urea, can increase leaf area, thicken leaves, and improve the efficiency of photosynthesis, while controlling the growth of shoot tips and reducing unnecessary nutrient consumption.

3. Prevention and control of pests and diseases

With the arrival of autumn, the fruits gradually ripen, and the use of chemical pesticides should be minimized at this time. Biological control methods, such as the use of beneficial microorganisms to control pests and diseases, are recommended. You can choose to use microbial preparations such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyces tenuifolius, lactic acid bacteria, EM, etc., combined with green (white) muscardine preparations to prevent and control diseases and pests.

In cases where the disease is more serious, you can consider using chlorobromoisocyanuric acid in combination with calcium chloride for prevention and control, spraying once every 10 days for two consecutive times.

It is crucial to protect the leaves in autumn, because early leaf fall can cause premature germination of axillary buds and even the appearance of shoots and flower buds, which will have a serious impact on the yield in the following year.

4. Foliar Fertilization

In autumn, the growth of branches and vines should be slowed down to help the tree accumulate more organic nutrients. While preventing and controlling diseases and pests, nutrients such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphite, and potassium humate can be added to control excessive growth, promote branch and vine maturation, and enhance the tree's disease and stress resistance.

5. Post-harvest management

In September, Cuixiang kiwifruit began to be picked. After picking, you should pay attention to the following points:

1. Garden cleaning: After picking, the shelf surface should be sprayed as soon as possible, using 1000 times diluted chlorobromoisocyanuric acid plus 0.5% calcium chloride, or 0.1% peracetic acid plus 0.5% copper sulfate, or 1000 times diluted 45% mancozeb, etc., to prevent the fruit stalk wound from being infected with ulcers, etc.

2. Fertilization: About 10 days after picking, apply decomposed organic fertilizer according to the yield and the ratio of 100 grams of fruit to 100 grams of fertilizer, combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and medical stone powder as base fertilizer. Organic fertilizer should contain a certain proportion of bacterial fertilizer. For mature trees, fertilizer should be spread in a 30 cm wide area near the capillary roots and then tilled into the soil. The tillage depth depends on the depth of the root system, generally between 20 and 30 cm. Water should be applied after fertilization, and the fungal agent and EM fungal agent should be flushed along with the water. For young trees, the amount of basal fertilizer should be increased, and applied at a ratio of 1.5 to 2.0 kilograms of fertilizer per kilogram of fruit.

3. Pruning of shoot tips and rack management: After picking, for overly dense crowns, the weak parts of the fruiting mother branches should be retracted; then the reserved branches (especially the strong branches) should be flattened and evenly tied to the rack surface.

4. Prevent canker disease: When the temperature drops below 15℃, use canker to apply to the main trunk, main vine and all forks. Every 20 to 30 days, spray the surface of the frame with 1000 times diluted chlorobromoisocyanuric acid plus 0.5% calcium chloride, or 0.1% peracetic acid plus 0.5% copper sulfate, or 1000 times diluted 45% mancozeb, etc. to prevent ulcer disease.

6. Prevent and control root rot

Due to the heavy rainfall in autumn, some plants may wilt, which may be caused by root rot. Measures should be taken to drain water, and 1500 times diluted bacterial agent and rooting agent should be injected into the root distribution area, and 0.2% potassium humate should be added to promote root health.

The above is an introduction to the key points of kiwi tree management in September. If you want to learn, you also need to combine it with the actual growth conditions of the trees in your own orchard.