How to propagate pear trees

Grafting

There are many ways to propagate pear trees by grafting, the main ones being cleft grafting, T-shaped bud grafting, bark grafting, and chipped bud grafting.

Cleft grafting

It is mainly carried out in spring when the buds are just beginning to sprout and before germination. When grafting, first cut the rootstock at the grafting site, then shave off the damaged surface and make a vertical split in the middle. When cutting the scion, choose a section with about 2-4 buds, and cut a 3-4 cm long cut surface on both sides of the lower part. Cut about 1 cm away from the lower bud to avoid damaging the lower bud. The cut surface should be slightly thicker on the outside and slightly thinner on the inside. After cutting, the outside is the thick side and the thin side is facing inward. Insert the scion into the split of the rootstock. The cambium of the scion and the rootstock must be aligned. At the same time, be careful not to insert the entire cut surface. About half a centimeter should be retained. This is conducive to wound healing. Depending on the thickness of the rootstock, 1-2 scions can be inserted. Finally, wrap the interface with plastic strips to reduce moisture evaporation.

T-shaped bud grafting

The "T"-shaped bud grafting method is usually performed in autumn. The grafting process is as follows: first select a smooth, scar-free part of the rootstock that is about 5 cm above the ground and faces the wind in spring, cut a "T"-shaped incision, and then cut the bud on the scion. When cutting the grafted buds, first use a knife to cut into the wood about 1.5 cm from the bottom of the bud, with a vertical cut length of about 2.5 cm, then make a horizontal cut about 1 cm from the top of the bud, and then pinch the grafted bud with your hands to break off the bud pieces. When grafting buds, use the bud grafting knife handle to first open the "丁"-shaped interface, gently insert the bud from top to bottom, align the top of the bud with the "丁"-shaped incision, and finally use a plastic strip with a width of about 0.5-1 cm to tie it from bottom to top.

Cutting propagation

Normally, cuttings and grafting are carried out in May and June. Choose tender branches of the current year from 5-10 year old pear trees as cuttings, and then cut them into cuttings about 10-15 cm long. Before cuttings, soak them in a 100ppm concentration solution of ABT root powder at a depth of about 2 cm and for about 1-2 hours. This will help them take root. The preparation for the cutting bed is as follows: a small arch shed can be set up under the shade of the tree and covered completely with plastic film. After plugging, keep the temperature in the plugging bed no higher than 30℃ and the humidity above 90%.