How to identify Changshan

1. Leaves

The leaves of Changshan vary greatly in shape and size, usually elliptical, obovate, elliptical-oblong or lanceolate, about 6 to 25 cm long, 2 to 10 cm wide, with the tip gradually becoming sharper and the base cuneate. The edges of the leaves are serrated or coarsely toothed, vaguely wavy, green or purple on both sides, with no hairs on the surface or only short hairs on the veins, and the petiole is 1.5 to 5 cm long.

2. Flowers

Changshan has terminal umbel panicles, sometimes with lateral inflorescences in its leaf axils, 3 to 20 cm in diameter, white or blue flowers, obovate buds, 6 to 10 mm in diameter when in bloom, pedicels 3 to 5 mm long, calyx inverted conical, petals oblong-elliptical, slightly fleshy.

3. Fruit

The berries of Changshan are 3 to 7 mm in diameter, blue in color, and black when dry. The seeds are about 1 mm long and have a reticular pattern.