How to grow peanuts to achieve high yield?

Peanuts , as an important crop, are widely grown in China's vast farmland. In order to obtain high-yield peanuts, we not only need to master scientific planting techniques, but also need to understand the impact of factors such as soil and climate on peanut growth. So how can peanuts be planted to achieve high yields? Let’s take a look below.

1. Site selection and land preparation

1. Land selection is the first and most important step in peanut planting . Peanuts prefer deep, loose, fertile soil at higher altitudes. Such soil conditions are conducive to the development of peanut roots, improving drought resistance and nutrient absorption efficiency. At the same time, choosing a plot of land with higher terrain can effectively avoid waterlogging and reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests.

2. After selecting the site, deep plowing and land preparation are required. Deep plowing can mature the soil, improve soil permeability, break up soil compaction, and provide a good soil environment for the growth of peanuts. When preparing the land, you can also improve the fertility of the soil according to the soil conditions and add an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer .

2. Seed selection and drying

1. Seed selection is the key link to ensure high yield and high quality of peanuts. When selecting seeds, you should choose varieties that are high-yielding, disease-resistant and widely adaptable. At the same time, you should also pay attention to choosing seeds that are large, full, and free of diseases and pests.

2. It is very necessary to dry the seeds before sowing. Sun-drying seeds can enhance their resistance to stress and effectively improve their germination rate. Generally, the seeds can be dried from 10 am to 4 pm on a sunny day for 1-3 days. When drying seeds, make sure each side is heated evenly and be sure to turn the seeds over.

3. Sowing

1. The choice of sowing time has a great impact on the growth of peanuts. As mentioned earlier, sowing times vary depending on region and climatic conditions. In northern regions, since the temperature rises slowly in spring and the soil temperature gradually increases, spring is the main season for planting peanuts, and sowing usually begins in late April to early May. In the southern region, due to the warmer climate, spring planting time can be from late April to early May, similar to the north. However, in some southern regions, due to suitable climatic conditions, summer sowing can also be carried out. The specific sowing time should also be determined according to local climatic conditions and soil temperature.

2. In terms of sowing methods, the sowing depth should be controlled at about 5 cm. After sowing, cover with 3 cm of fine soil, and avoid covering with large clumps of soil to prevent budding. The sowing density should also be determined based on the characteristics of the variety, soil fertility and management level to ensure that the peanut plants are evenly distributed and make full use of light energy.

4. Field Management

Field management is one of the most critical links in the peanut planting process. Water and fertilizer management, clearing and weeding, and pest and disease control are all important components of field management.

1. Water and fertilizer management: Peanuts need an appropriate amount of water and nutrients to support their growth. When peanuts are just blooming and forming pods, their demand for phosphorus and potassium is relatively high. At this time, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be added in time according to soil fertility and peanut growth conditions. Pay attention to the time when watering. Water a little less during the seedling period. When it starts to grow pods, be sure to replenish water in time to ensure the normal growth and development of peanuts.

2. Clearing and weeding: When the peanuts grow two leaves, the cotyledons buried in the soil should be cleaned out in time to promote leaf growth and flower bud differentiation. From the peanut seedling stage to the flowering stage, the soil should be loosened and weeded to reduce the competition between weeds and peanuts for nutrients and water, and to promote the growth of the peanut taproot, enhance drought resistance and nutrient absorption efficiency.

3. Pest and disease control: Regular inspection of peanut plants is one of the important measures to prevent pests and diseases. Once pests and diseases are discovered, they should be dealt with in a timely manner to ensure the healthy growth of peanuts. Common peanut diseases include root rot and leaf spot; insect pests include aphids, thrips, etc. For different diseases and insect pests, a combination of agricultural control, biological control and chemical control can be adopted to effectively control them.

5. Harvest and Storage

Peanuts should be harvested promptly after they mature to avoid fruit drop and sprouting. After harvesting, the peanuts need to be dried and screened to remove impurities and broken particles to ensure the quality of the peanuts. When storing, pay attention to moisture and insect prevention to ensure the quality and food safety of peanuts.

To sum up, scientific planting techniques and management methods are essential to obtain high-yield and high-quality peanuts. Every link, from site selection and preparation to sowing management to harvesting and storage, requires careful operation and management.