Which month is best to plant peanuts?

Peanut is a crop with many uses. Not only can it be eaten directly as a dried fruit, enjoying the reputation of "immortality fruit", it is also an ideal ingredient for cooking soups. In addition, peanuts can be processed into fragrant peanut oil . Of course, the uses of peanuts are far more than these, and its application range is very wide. Let’s learn together which month is the best to plant peanuts?

Which month is best to plant peanuts?

Peanuts are usually grown in two seasons: spring and autumn. Peanuts planted in spring have become the first choice of many farmers due to their higher economic returns. Peanuts prefer warm climates and are suitable for sowing when the ambient temperature reaches above 12℃. The ideal temperature range for peanut flowering is 23~28℃, but it needs to be maintained at least above 19℃. Therefore, farmers can decide the sowing time according to the growing temperature requirements of peanuts and local climatic conditions. In the north, spring peanut sowing is usually scheduled between mid-to-late April and May; in the south, due to the warmer climate, the sowing time can be advanced to mid-to-late February to March. Given the large temperature fluctuations in spring, farmers often use mulch to maintain a suitable temperature when sowing, among which black mulch is usually better at retaining heat than white mulch.

Key points for high-yield planting of peanuts

First, deep plowing of the land is carried out. Peanuts grow best in well-drained, deep, fertile soil with a pH between 6.5 and 7. Deep plowing of the land helps reduce obstacles to continuous cropping, improve soil aeration, and promote the activity of beneficial microorganisms, thereby enhancing the soil's ability to absorb nutrients and water.

Secondly, apply sufficient base fertilizer. Although peanuts have a well-developed root system and can symbiotically fix nitrogen with rhizobia, appropriate amounts of fertilizer are still required to ensure high yields. It is generally recommended to apply 80 to 120 kg of biological organic fertilizer and 40 to 50 kg of special peanut fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, which can not only provide sufficient nutrition, but also effectively prevent continuous cropping obstacles and pests and diseases.

Third, dry the seeds and grade them. Choose peanut varieties that are adapted to your local climate and soil. Dry the fruits for 2 to 3 days before sowing to enhance the physiological activity and germination ability of the seeds. The best time to shell the seeds is about 10 days before sowing, and choose seeds with bright color, plump grains and uniform size. Before sowing, the seeds need to be mixed with pesticides to prevent underground pests and ensure that the seedlings are uniform and strong.

Fourth, grasp the timing of sowing and plant at a reasonable density. Sowing too early may affect flower bud differentiation, while sowing too late will not make full use of the growing period. The appropriate time for sowing is when the ground temperature is stable at above 15°C. In terms of planting density, there are about 8,000 holes per acre for large peanuts and about 10,000 holes per acre for small peanuts, with 2 to 3 seeds sown in each hole.

Fifth, check the seedlings and replant them in time, and clear and squat the seedlings. If any seedlings are missing within 10 to 15 days after sowing, they should be replanted in time or replanted with spare seedlings and soil, taking care to protect the root system. After the seedlings emerge, the surrounding soil should be removed immediately to allow the two cotyledons of the first pair of side branches to emerge above the ground.

Sixth, cultivate the land, weed and cultivate the soil in a timely manner. For peanut intercropping, tillage, stubble removal and weeding should be carried out within 3 to 5 days after wheat harvest. 15 to 20 days after flowering and before closing the ridges, the soil should be cultivated after rain or on cloudy days to shorten the distance between the fruit needles and the ground, promote the fruit needles to enter the soil early, and increase the fruit setting rate.

Seventh, administer three doses of key medicine. The first time is from the seedling stage to the beginning of flowering stage, use a formula containing amino acid foliar fertilizer , pyraclostrobin, etc. to supplement nutrients and promote the growth of rhizobia. The second time is from the late flowering period to the needle-setting period, using seferamide, ethylenediaminetetrachloridone, etc. to control excessive growth and increase the fruit setting rate. The third time is during the pod-setting and fruit-swelling period, using amino acid foliar fertilizers, carbendazim and thiram to prevent diseases and promote pod development.

Peanut fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, with base fertilizer as the main fertilizer and top dressing as the supplementary fertilizer. At the same time, attention should be paid to water management. Appropriate drought during the seedling stage is beneficial to root development, while sufficient water supply must be ensured during the flowering needle stage and pod setting stage.

The above is an introduction to the best sowing time for peanut planting . In fact, as long as you master the method, achieving high yields is not a problem for peanut planting, but everyone also needs to consider the actual situation.