Broad bean planting and management methods

Broad beans, also known as southern beans, broad beans, and Luohan beans, have large grains, relatively good taste, are rich in protein, have very high nutritional value, and are one of the main economic crops . Below, the editor will introduce the planting and management methods of broad beans. Let’s take a look.

1. Planting time

The time for sowing broad beans is mainly concentrated in spring (areas north of the Yangtze River) and autumn (areas south of the Yangtze River). The optimal sowing temperature range is around 18-23 degrees. Generally, the sowing time in the northern region north of the Yangtze River is roughly concentrated around late March to late April, and the sowing time in the northern region north of the Yangtze River is roughly concentrated around mid-October to early November.

2. Planting method

When sowing broad beans, you can either sow in rows or spot sowing. The planting density is about 15-20 cm between plants, 25-30 cm between rows, and 6000-7000 seedlings per mu. When sowing, 2-3 seeds can be sown in each hole (thinning out the seedlings in batches after emergence). The sowing depth should be about 4-6 cm, and the sowing amount per mu should be about 6-10 kg.

Generally, for varieties with high soil fertility, good water and fertilizer conditions, and many pods and large grains, appropriate sparse sowing and sparse planting will be more conducive to high yields in the later stage. However, for varieties with low soil fertility, poor water and fertilizer conditions, and few pods and small grains, appropriate dense sowing and dense planting will be more conducive to increasing yields in the later stage.

3. Water and fertilizer management

Broad beans are drought-resistant but not water-tolerant. They like to grow in moist soil. After the broad beans emerge, they should be watered with running water in time to ensure adequate water supply during the seedling stage. The flowering and podding period is the peak period of water demand for broad beans. It is necessary to pay attention to timely replenishment of water. At the same time, when there is more rain in summer, the fields should be drained in time to avoid waterlogging.

Fertilization should be reasonable. Rhizobia will grow at the roots of broad beans, which have a good nitrogen fixation effect. If the base fertilizer is sufficient, there is no need for too much topdressing. During the flowering and podding period of broad beans, a large amount of fertilizer is required. Fertilizer can be added appropriately according to the condition of the seedlings. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed as foliar fertilizer , or compound fertilizer can be applied to the leaves. Special attention should be paid to the addition of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers .

4. Intertillage and weeding

The essential purpose of inter-row cultivation and weeding of broad beans is to loosen the soil, eliminate weeds in the field, accelerate the effective exchange of soil nutrients and oxygen, ensure that the broad bean roots can grow in depth, and better grow rhizobia. At the same time, inter-row cultivation and weeding can effectively clean the ditches in the fields, which is beneficial to the irrigation and drainage work in the fields. Generally, during the seedling stage of broad beans, inter-row cultivation and weeding are required 1-2 times, one at the seedling stage and the other at the ridge closing stage.

5. Prevent and control pests and diseases

During the growth process, broad beans are easily susceptible to diseases and pests such as aphids and red spot due to changes in the soil, which can cause the broad beans to develop poorly and form fewer nodules. The broad bean plants that grow into them are weak and the yield of broad beans will not be very high. Therefore, after the broad beans are successfully transplanted and planted, the prevention and control of their diseases and pests must be strengthened.

The above are the methods of planting and managing broad beans. During the continuous planting of broad beans for many years, the nodules on the roots will secrete a large amount of organic acid, which will reduce the yield and quality of broad beans. Farmers should rotate crops reasonably.