Onion planting method and growth time Onion growth process and planting technology

The best time to plant onions is around September to October each year , with the most suitable time being mid-September. The temperature is relatively cool at this time, which helps the seeds germinate and increases the yield. Before sowing onion seeds, turn the soil over and dry it, then soak it in warm water, and then you can consider raising the seedlings.

Onion Planting Conditions

1. Temperature

Onions have relatively strong requirements for temperature. Generally, the seeds will slowly begin to germinate in an environment of 3~5℃. It is most suitable for growth when the temperature is in the range of 12~20℃, but when the temperature is too high, growth will decline and the plant will enter dormancy.

2. Lighting

Onion is a plant that requires a lot of light. The daily sunshine time needs to be maintained at more than 14 hours. However, if the sunshine time is too long, it will not grow normally and may fail to develop.

3. Moisture

Onions have a high demand for water during most of the time. During the seedling stage and before wintering, you should pay attention to controlling the water content to prevent the seedlings from suffering from frost damage. The humidity should be kept at 60-70% as much as possible, otherwise diseases are likely to occur.

4. Soil

Onions have relatively strong adaptability, and it is easier to increase their yield by using sandy loam. When choosing soil, you can consider fertility, looseness, and good air permeability as the criteria.

Onion growth time and stages

Onion is an annual crop with a relatively short life cycle. It generally goes through six growth periods starting from the development stage.

1. Germination period

This stage lasts about 15 days, and the main operation is sowing. It is recommended not to sow too deep, but shallowly, because the skin of onion seeds is relatively thick, and it is not easy to germinate if the soil is too thick.

2. Seedling stage

Onions will be transplanted in the later stage, usually in winter. In order to ensure the survival rate, it is best to prune the onion seedlings, give them a wintering period, and start transplanting after the weather warms up.

3. Vigorous growth period

The onions at this stage are basically focused on growth. This is the fastest growth period for onions, and the number of leaves is increasing rapidly. At this stage, you should pay attention to fertilizing and strengthen the nutritional management of the onions themselves.

4. Bulb expansion period

After the onion has grown vigorously, the nutrients begin to be transported downwards, the leaves no longer begin to grow, but the scales begin to thicken rapidly. All of this is to prepare for the later reproduction of the onion.

5. Harvest period

During this period, the onion bulbs begin to grow larger and darker in color. At the same time, the top buds of the onions begin to form flower buds, which means that the onions are preparing to reproduce and leave seeds for their offspring.

6. Reproductive growth period

At this time, the onions are basically maturing, and after the flowers fade, they gradually begin to wither and dry up. The work to be done during this period is harvesting.

How to plant onions

1. Land preparation

When preparing the land, deep plowing is required, and the depth of the plowing should not be less than 20 cm. The plowed land must be flat, which is conducive to watering in the future. Fertilizers should be applied before plowing the land. In Kaifeng, Henan, organic fertilizers are now applied. Other areas can be determined according to what chemical fertilizers are applied locally.

2. Sowing and seedling raising

Seedlings are usually raised in early to mid-September, around the beginning of autumn. After sowing the onion seedlings and preparing the beds, water them first to wet the soil. After the water has penetrated, scatter the onion seeds evenly.

3. Onion transplant

The time to transplant onions is generally in mid-November. When transplanting onion seedlings, be sure to water them first. When transplanting seedlings, you can use a shovel, but be careful not to shovel the roots. When transplanting onions, do not bury the forked parts of the onion leaves when planting. Generally, the transplant spacing is about 20 cm.