How to plant strawberries? Strawberry planting methods and cultivation techniques

Strawberry is a fruit that is loved by people. It has high nutritional value, good taste and high market price, which attracts many people to grow it. If you want to grow strawberries, how do you grow them?

Strawberry planting time

Generally speaking, strawberries should be planted every spring. The seed collection time should be between July and August. Then, an environment with suitable temperature should be selected for seedling cultivation. For sowing and seedling cultivation, both temperature and humidity should be very suitable.

Strawberry cultivation technology

1. Site selection and land preparation

Strawberries are shallow-rooted crops with a root zone of 20 cm. They require soil that retains water and fertilizer, has a high organic matter content, and good water permeability. Sandy soil should be water-permeable and breathable. Strawberries also require a pH value of 5.5-6.0 under slightly acidic conditions. Strawberries require a lot of nutrients.

Before planting, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied. 4,000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer can be applied per mu, and then 50 kg of slow-release ternary compound fertilizer with low nitrogen, medium phosphorus and high potassium should be applied. After fertilization, the soil should be ploughed. The best ploughing depth is between 15-20 cm and 20 cm.

After plowing, make high ridges in the north-south direction. The width at the bottom of the ridge is 50-60 cm, and the width at the top is 40-50 cm. This can maintain the ground temperature and the soil temperature. The height of the ridge should be between 30cm and 35cm. Pay attention to keeping the ridge height at 50-60cm.

2. Planting of seedlings

Strawberries can be purchased directly. The general standard for planting seedlings is that the seedling height is about 15 cm, free of pests and diseases, with developed rhizomes, large and thick. Before transplanting, remove some old leaves and leave 2 to 3 new leaves. Before planting, disinfection and sterilization must be done to ensure sterile seedlings are planted.

In addition, soaking the roots in 5~10g/kg sodium naphthylacetate or sodium naphthylacetate solution for 2~6 hours has a significant effect on promoting rooting and can effectively improve the survival rate of planting.

Planting is carried out from early August to mid-August. Generally, the one-ridge-two-row planting method is adopted. The spacing between strawberries is 15-20cm, and the row spacing is 20-25cm. When planting, first determine the position according to the spacing between plants and rows, then dig a 5-7cm planting pit, place the strawberry seedlings in the planting pit, and then fill the soil and compact it.

After planting, water should be applied once. This time, the amount of water should be slightly larger and the water should be sufficient and thorough. This will help the seedlings to grow as quickly as possible.

3. Insulation

After more than 20 days of cultivation, new leaves will grow on the seedlings, and the plants will enter a rapid growth stage from this time. When the temperature is below 20℃~25℃, the greenhouse should be covered to keep warm. After the greenhouse is covered with film, in order to prevent the strawberry plants from entering dormancy and dwarfing, the daytime temperature can be kept at around 26℃ and the nighttime temperature can be kept at 10℃~12℃, but not higher than 30℃ or lower than 8℃.

If the temperature in the greenhouse does not meet this requirement at night, some other measures should be taken, such as covering with straw. If the required temperature is still not reached after covering with straw, a small arch shed should be built on the ridge. If the temperature in the greenhouse exceeds 30℃ at noon, the vents should be opened in time for ventilation and cooling.

4. Water and fertilizer management

Strawberries need a lot of water and should be watered in time. Under normal management conditions, they are usually watered every 5 to 8 days, with each dripping lasting about 3 hours. Fertilization management is also very good. About 30 days after planting, to promote the growth of new leaves, you can apply leaf-promoting fertilizer while watering, and apply 20 kg of balanced triple compound fertilizer per mu.

About 90 days after planting, some small buds will appear on the seedlings. At this time, a second topdressing should be carried out with the same fertilizer as the first time to ensure the amount of flowers.

5. Management during flowering and fruiting period

When the strawberry enters the flowering period, ventilation should be provided at all times to keep the maximum temperature in the greenhouse between 25-27 degrees. In the early stage of plant growth, the side flower branches and flower buds of the plants should be used to avoid flower avoidance, which will cause premature weakness. Therefore, from the beginning of the flower bud period, 2-3 side flower branches should be retained per plant, 3-5 fruits should be retained per flower branch, and 5-14 fruits should be retained per flower branch. The remaining branches should be pruned in time to strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases.

6. Harvest in time

Usually, the fruit turns red about 30 days after flowering and about 120 days after planting, and is harvested when it reaches 80-90% ripeness. The picking time should avoid high temperature period to prevent the fruit from softening and rotting caused by fruit touch. It should be picked before 11 am to avoid dew and after 3 pm.