Grape planting methods and management techniques

As a fruit with significant economic benefits and wide popularity, grapes have attracted more and more growers in recent years. However, there are various challenges that may arise during grape cultivation, which, if not properly addressed, could have a significant impact on profitability. Let’s learn about grape planting methods and management techniques.

1. Garden site selection and planning

Grapes are light-loving and warmth-loving fruit trees and have good adaptability to soil conditions, but sandy loam that is rich in organic matter, has good air permeability, and can retain water and fertilizer is most suitable.

Before planting, the orchard should be carefully planned, especially the planting density and planting method, which are directly related to the yield and economic benefits of the orchard. The basis for reasonable close planting is to make full use of land resources and light energy. At present, grape cultivation mainly adopts two planting methods: trellis and hedges:

Trellis planting: the spacing between rows is about 1m x 5m, and about 150 plants can be planted per mu.

Trellis planting: The row spacing is about 1m x 2m, and 240 to 333 plants can be planted per acre.

2. Planting of grape seedlings

Apply base fertilizer: Apply sufficient base fertilizer one month before planting, use well-rotted organic fertilizer and superphosphate, and apply fertilizer by digging trenches to ensure that the fertilizer is evenly distributed.

Planting: Choose healthy grafted seedlings, cut off rotten roots and part of the taproot to reduce the spread of pathogens and stimulate the germination of new roots. After planting, ensure that the roots are in full contact with the soil and water them in time.

3. Management of young grape trees

The focus of management during the young tree period is to strengthen fertilizer and water management, cultivate a reasonable tree shape, and promote root development.

Keep vines and tie them up: Keep 1 to 2 main vines and tie them up in time to guide them to grow upward.

Water and fertilizer management: Apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer about 40 days after planting, and pay attention to keeping the soil moist and irrigate properly.

Weeding: Keep the soil loose and promote root development.

Shaping and pruning: Cultivate the tree shape, pinch and prune to balance the tree.

Pest and disease control: Pay special attention to the prevention and control of grape downy mildew and black bean disease.

4. Management of Fruit Trees

Management during the budding period: Spray lime sulfur mixture to prevent and control overwintering pathogens, and water and fertilize in time.

Vine management: including tying vines, pinching, removing side shoots and tendrils to promote balanced growth.

Flowering period management: pay attention to water and fertilizer management, control irrigation, and prevent and control diseases.

Management during the fruit expansion period: thinning the ears and grains, bagging, applying fertilizer at the right time, and removing bags to promote coloring.

Harvesting: Harvest at the right time according to the characteristics of the variety and keep the fruit intact.

Fertilization after harvest: Apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer or spray urea solution to promote tree recovery.

Garden cleaning: Clean the garden promptly after harvesting to reduce the occurrence of diseases.

The above are the planting methods and management techniques of grapes. Grape farmers need to follow the growth laws of grapes and carefully implement each management measure to ensure that high-quality grapes are grown.