The growing environment and local conditions of broad beans

Broad bean growth environment and conditions

Broad beans are widely distributed in China, with more of them grown in the south. They were originally distributed along the Mediterranean coast of Europe. The broad beans produced in Ningbo, Zhangjiakou, Qinghai and Gansu in China are very famous and are among the four most precious broad bean varieties in my country.

Broad bean growing conditions

Broad beans prefer a humid environment and are not tolerant to drought and waterlogging. They are suitable for planting in fertile, deep clay loam with a pH value of 6.2 to 8. They have a certain adaptability to saline-alkali land.

Broad bean growth temperature

The suitable temperature for broad beans to germinate is around 16 degrees, the highest temperature is 25 to 35 degrees, and the lowest temperature is 3.8 degrees. The seedlings are not cold-resistant. The leaves will be frozen when the temperature is below minus 4 degrees, and will wither at minus 5 to minus 7 degrees.

The growth process of broad beans

1. Germination and emergence period: The germination and emergence period of broad beans takes about 10-30 days. During this period, the radicle of broad beans will break through the seed coat and the main stem will extend about 2-3 cm out of the ground.

2. Seedling growth period: The seedling growth period of broad beans is more than 90 days. During the seedling stage, the main stem will grow upward, branches will continue to form, and flower buds will begin to appear after flower bud differentiation.

3. Bud and branch stage: The bud and branch stage of broad beans takes about 40 days. The first flower cluster at the lower part of the main stem begins to bud and then blooms. At this time, the roots, stems, and leaves of the plant grow vigorously. Early branches will grow more flower buds, and in the later stages, branches will form in large numbers.

4. Flowering and podding period: The flowering and podding period of broad beans is 60-65 days. The flowering period is from flowering and podding to leaf falling. The week from flowering to withering is the period of vegetative growth and large-scale fruiting of broad beans. The vegetative growth will gradually stop from the beginning of grain filling to before leaves fall.

5. Seed maturity period: Within 10-20 days from the natural fall of the leaves, the pods and seeds will gradually turn dark brown.

Broad bean planting time and method

Broad beans generally have two planting times, spring sowing and autumn sowing. Spring sowing is in March and April each year, and autumn sowing is concentrated in October and November. Select high-yield, disease-free, high-quality seeds in advance, and dig deep and plow the soil so that the roots can form nodules, which can increase the yield. After sowing, cover with soil and cover with straw to keep warm.

During the seedling stage, do a good job of disease and pest prevention, prune diseased plants in time, remove diseased remains and weeds, and destroy them in a centralized manner. Also spray pesticides to ensure the normal development of the plants. In the later stage, ensure the plants' need for water, keep the soil slightly moist, and ventilate frequently during the period.