Mushroom cultivation technology and cultivation methods

Mushroom is a common edible fungus that is rich in nutrients, contains a variety of proteins and vitamins, and has high market demand. Moreover, mushroom cultivation is low-cost and the technology is simple and easy to learn, so it has good market prospects. So what are mushroom growing techniques and cultivation methods? Let’s learn more about it below.

1. Variety selection

It is crucial to select mushroom varieties that are suitable for local climatic conditions and market demands. Common varieties of edible fungi include oyster mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, enoki mushrooms , and king oyster mushrooms . Each type of mushroom has different requirements for the growing environment, and growers should make choices based on their own conditions and market demand.

2. Preparation of culture medium

Compost usually includes corn cobs, cottonseed hulls , sawdust, etc. These materials need to be fully fermented to provide suitable nutrition and ecological environment.

3. Key points for sowing

After the culture medium is fermented, it needs to be ventilated and cooled to about 30 degrees immediately, and then evenly spread and turn over the culture medium to promote ventilation. For culture medium that is too dry, you can spray lime water to adjust the humidity and turn the medium over again. When sowing, spread the seeds at a ratio of 1 bottle of wheat grain seeds per square meter, and gently turn a part of it into the material to compact the surface of the material. Then close the doors and windows to keep warm and moist, and promote rapid germination of the strains.

4. Bacteria management

During the fermentation period, keep the room temperature at around 21°C to wait for the mycelium to germinate. The temperature can be adjusted in an air-conditioned room or by direct sunlight. It will take about 3 weeks before you can see thin, spider-web-like white mycelium appearing on the culture medium. At this time, you need to lower the room temperature to 16℃ and cover the soil. The total thickness of the covering soil layer should be 3-4 cm.

5. Mushroom production management

The whole process of mushroom production is inseparable from the joint effects of temperature, humidity and air. If you want high-quality and high-yield mushrooms, you must carry out appropriate mushroom production management. The main thing to do is to stimulate the temperature difference between day and night. The humidity in the mushroom room should be maintained at a high level, and ventilation should be done in time. The humidity should generally be maintained at around 95%.

6. Pest and disease control

Mushrooms are easily attacked by diseases and pests during their growth. Pest and disease control should adhere to the principle of "prevention first, comprehensive control" and adopt a combination of various prevention and control methods, such as selecting disease-resistant varieties, strictly disinfecting bed frames and culture materials, and maintaining environmental hygiene.

In general, the cultivation and planting of mushrooms is not very difficult, but it also requires careful preparation, scientific cultivation and effective management to achieve efficient production of mushrooms.