High-yield planting technology of pepper

Chili is a common seasoning vegetable in life and is grown by many people. However, many farmers do not have enough understanding of the growth characteristics and habits of chili when growing chili, which often leads to low yields and fewer fruits. Let’s take a brief look at the high-yield pepper cultivation techniques .

1. Reasonable planting density

The recommended pepper planting density is usually 3,000 holes per mu, with 1-2 seedlings per hole, 50-55 cm planting row spacing, and 25-30 cm seedling spacing. For plots with fertile soil and sufficient water and fertilizer, crops can be planted densely to increase yield, while for plots with poor soil and insufficient water and fertilizer, crops should be planted sparsely.

2. Reasonable fertilization

① Pepper seedling bed fertilizer: use 1000-1500 kg of decomposed farmyard manure, 25-30 kg of wood ash, 1-1.5 kg of superphosphate, and 0.3-0.5 kg of urea.

②Base fertilizer for pepper planting: mainly high-quality organic fertilizer or well-rotted farmyard manure, with appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. It is recommended to apply 3500-4000 kg of farmyard manure, 100-150 kg of wood ash (or 15-20 kg of potassium sulfate), and 25-30 kg of superphosphate per mu.

③ Top dressing during the growing period of pepper: Top dressing should be carried out at different growth stages according to the pepper's demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. No fertilizer is applied from transplanting to flowering; the first topdressing is done after the peppers are established and the pair peppers are formed, with 8-10 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer per mu; the second topdressing is done during the vigorous fruiting period, with 15-20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer or 8-15 kg of urea + 10-15 kg of potassium sulfate + 20-25 kg of superphosphate per mu; the third topdressing is done after the first harvest, with 8-10 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per mu or one application of high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer in combination with watering.

④ Fertilization outside the roots of peppers: Peppers are sensitive to trace elements such as boron, calcium, magnesium, and zinc during their growth. Starting from the flowering and fruiting stage, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2-0.3% boric acid or borax solution, 1500 times chelated zinc (or zinc sulfate), 1500 times chelated magnesium (or magnesium sulfate), and 1000 times chelated calcium every 7-10 days, and spray continuously 2-3 times to increase yield and fruit quality.

3. Scientific watering

Peppers have shallow roots and are neither drought-tolerant nor water-tolerant. Control water moderately in the early growth stage to keep the soil slightly dry; provide water appropriately during the initial flowering period; water promptly after fruit setting; provide sufficient water during the peak fruit-bearing period; stop watering before picking the fruit. It is recommended to water every 7-10 days.

4. Regulate the temperature

From the time the seedlings have been transplanted to before flowering, the indoor temperature of the greenhouse is controlled at around 25 degrees during the day and around 15-16 degrees at night; during the flowering and fruiting period, the indoor temperature of the greenhouse is controlled at 25-28 degrees during the day and 13-17 degrees at night, and the temperature difference between day and night is maintained at around 10-12 degrees. When the temperature is below 12 degrees, the temperature will be increased; when the temperature is above 30 degrees, the temperature will be reduced by shading and ventilation.

5. Scientific pruning, vine hanging and branch cutting

① Pruning management: According to the characteristics of the pepper variety, adopt three-main-branch or four-main-branch pruning method.

② Branch pruning management: When the side branches grow to 12-15 cm, remove all branches, flowers and fruits below the main pepper. Prune branches and remove buds every 2-3 days, and remove the old yellow leaves in the middle and lower parts.

③ Pinching management: The first topping and pinching is carried out after the seedlings have grown 10-15 leaves, and the second topping and pinching is carried out when the side branches grow to 8-10 cm.

④Hanging vine management: Hang the vines after the first batch of young fruits are set and begin to swell, or when the side branches grow to 25-30 cm. For pepper seedlings with vigorous growth, use the "loose falling" hanging vines, while for pepper seedlings with weaker growth, use the "upright upward" hanging vines. Be careful not to tie the rope to the tender part at the top of the pepper vine, but to tie it about 15-20 cm from the branch.

The above are the key points of high-yield pepper cultivation technology. In short, many aspects of pepper cultivation require a lot of attention, such as controlling vigorous growth, using the picking and retention of peppers to flexibly control the growth of peppers, etc.