Macadamia nut pest and disease control technology

Macadamia nut, also known as macadamia nut , is a nut native to Australia and is cultivated in Yunnan, Guangzhou and other regions of China. Here are some tips on how to control macadamia nut diseases and pests.

1. Ring-boring bat moth

The larvae of the macadamia nut ring borer are 3.5 cm long, cylindrical, and brown and white. Some individuals have brown tumor-like protrusions. The first generation of eggs will overwinter in the soil, pupate and emerge in April and May, and start to eat the trunks of fruit trees when the temperature rises. When the weather turns cool, they begin to invade the xylem of the plants.

Prevention and control methods : In winter, the soil needs to be turned over and sterilized, and the larvae and eggs of the nut ring-boring bat moth need to be cleaned. 5% terbuthion granules can be sprinkled into the soil. During April and May, whitewash the tree trunks with quicklime . The formula for quicklime whitewash is 10kg quicklime, 5kg sulfur powder, 2kg salt, 0.25kg animal oil, 2.5kg 5% terbuthion granules, and 30kg water. After mixing, stir and let cool. It can be used immediately after preparation and can effectively prevent pests from laying eggs on tree trunks.

2. Heteromorpha serrata

The abdomen and back of the larvae of the heteromorphic moth are brown, the chest is pink, and the adult is dark brown. It mainly feeds on young shoots, which can cause nuts to fall off and reduce the fruit setting rate. The adults will lay eggs on leaves or fruits. The larvae will overwinter on the cracked fruit skin and feed on the leaves. They will begin to pupate and emerge in March or April of the following year. There is usually one larva on one fruit.

Prevention and control methods: In winter, you can prune the branches and leaves appropriately, maintain the distance between branches , and leave appropriate space for air circulation to reduce the attachment rate of insect eggs. The solution spraying method can also be selected during the hatching period of insect eggs. The solution is prepared by diluting 20% ​​cypermethrin solution 1,000 to 1,500 times, or diluting 40% omethoate solution 1,000 times for spraying.

3. Decline

The main symptom of the disease is that the branches gradually turn yellow from the top to the bottom until the plant withers and dies. The disease progresses as quickly as 3 to 4 months, in which the entire plant is infected, or as slowly as 3 to 4 years, in which the leaves gradually change color and wither.

Prevention and control methods: When such symptoms occur, fertilizer should be added in time, and the amount of fertilizer should be gradually increased according to the growth of the tree crown. During this period, management should be strengthened, and appropriate pruning and weeding should be carried out to maintain good ventilation and lighting between trees.

4. Anthrax

In the early stage, the main manifestation is that the morphology and color of the plant are affected, and in the later stage, it will affect the growth of the plant and fruit development. In the early stage, the branches, leaves and trunks will gradually turn yellow and black. As the disease progresses, the new shoots and young shells will also turn black, and even the newly grown tissues will grow spiral spore apparatus.

Prevention and control methods: Anthracnose can be controlled by spraying drugs. You can use 700-800 times diluted 80% anthrax-thiram or 800-1,000 times diluted 70% thiophanate-methyl for spraying, both of which can inhibit the occurrence of anthrax.

5. Red spider

It mainly feeds on the juice of the plant's tender buds, shoots and young fruits, which will cause the plant to lack water and nutrients, leading to poor fruit development and, in severe cases, the death of the plant.

Prevention and control methods: It can be prevented and controlled by applying the corresponding tree trunk whitewash. You can use 30kg water, 10kg quicklime, 5kg sulfur, 2kg salt, and 0.25kg animal oil to heat and mix and apply to the tree trunks. In order to achieve the best prevention and control effect, the trunk should be painted in autumn.

That’s it