Open-air cultivation technology of beans

Given that many bean growers lack planting experience and professional cultivation and management skills, this leads to poor overall results in bean planting, which in turn affects the enthusiasm of growers. In order to improve the yield and quality of beans and achieve the goal of high-yield and high-quality planting, the key lies in combining the growth characteristics of beans and mastering and applying advanced planting techniques . Let’s learn about the open-air cultivation techniques of beans.

1. Sowing time

For open-air planting of beans, sowing should be done when the average daily temperature reaches above 25 degrees and the ground temperature at a depth of 5 cm is above 20 degrees, usually in mid-April. The time difference between the north and south regions is about 3 to 5 days, earlier in the south and later in the north, to ensure that the seedlings can grow normally after germination. The most suitable temperature for sowing beans is 20 to 25 degrees; too high a temperature will result in slow germination or even no germination, and growth will stop when the temperature exceeds 35 degrees. Therefore, it is necessary to control the temperature conditions during planting, avoid sowing too early or letting the beans bear fruit in midsummer, so as to ensure that the beans can grow in a suitable environment.

2. High-quality seeds

There are many varieties of beans, and based on the length of the vines, they can be divided into two types: those that require trellises and those that are dwarf. For example, common May fresh beans do not require a trellis, but the Invincible series seeds do require a trellis. In terms of quality, there are long and thick beans and short and thin beans, such as big meaty sweet beans. In terms of yield, generally speaking, varieties with a long growth cycle and medium to late maturity have good quality and high yield; while early maturing varieties have lower yields. This requires choosing the right variety based on personal circumstances.

3. Fertilizer application

Beans belong to the leguminous crop and have the ability to fix nitrogen. It should not be considered that the use of nitrogen fertilizer needs to be increased during the seedling stage like other vegetables . Experiments have shown that nitrogen fertilizer can easily cause root burn. The nitrogen fertilizer produced by beans themselves is sufficient and no additional addition is needed. When fertilizing, you can use more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and farmyard manure; during the flowering and fruiting period, you can apply compound fertilizers and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer . The effect will be better if used in combination with brassinolide.

4. Seedling cultivation uses germination and nutrient pot technology

Seedling transplanting and germination sowing solve the problems of uneven seedling emergence, susceptibility to diseases, seedling death due to freezing, and weak seedling growth caused by direct seeding with dry seeds in the open air.

(1) Germination and sowing

Soak the seeds in 50-degree warm water for 24 hours, then dry them and place them in a moisturizing place, waiting for the seeds to germinate before sowing.

(2) Seedling cultivation in nutrient pots

This method is ideal and can ensure the survival rate, but the operation is more complicated and requires the preparation of nutrient pots. It is more suitable for home planting, but it takes a longer time for large-scale field planting.

The above is an introduction to the key points of high-yield bean cultivation. You can refer to it according to the actual situation when cultivating beans. In addition, you should also pay attention to field water and fertilizer management, disease and pest prevention, etc.