Several technical points for high yield of wheat

As one of the most important food crops in the world, wheat yield and quality are directly related to global food security and farmers' economic benefits. Therefore, how to help improve the quality and increase yield of wheat has become an important issue in the agricultural field. Here are some technical points for high wheat yield.

1. Variety selection

At present, there are many wheat varieties promoted on the market. When choosing wheat varieties, you must adapt to local climate conditions, soil conditions and production needs. Choose high-quality, high-yield and disease-resistant wheat varieties, such as Zhengmai 136, Bainong 4199, Zhongxinmai 998 and other varieties.

2. Seeding management

1. Sowing time: Determine the appropriate sowing period based on local climatic conditions and variety characteristics. Generally, the best sowing period is from early October to late October. Avoid sowing too early or too late to avoid affecting the growth and development of wheat.

2. Seeding amount: Determine the appropriate seeding amount based on planting density and seed quality. Sow seeds at the right time, generally the sowing amount per mu should be controlled at 10 to 15 kilograms, and the basic seedlings per mu should be 180,000 to 220,000. Too much or too little sowing amount will affect the yield and quality of wheat.

3. Sowing method: Use row sowing or broadcast sowing to ensure uniform distribution of seeds. At the same time, pay attention to the sowing depth, which is generally controlled at 3 to 5 cm to avoid being too deep or too shallow.

3. Fertilizer management

1. Base fertilizer: Before sowing, apply sufficient base fertilizer to provide the nutrients needed for wheat growth. The base fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer , supplemented by chemical fertilizer. Generally, 100 to 120 kilograms of 51% compound fertilizer are applied per mu.

2. Top dressing: Apply nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and other fertilizers in a timely manner according to the needs of wheat growth. Top dressing should follow the principle of "light application of seedling fertilizer, heavy application of ear fertilizer, and supplementary application of grain fertilizer". During the jointing stage of wheat, generally 30 to 40 kilograms of urea are applied per mu.

3. Foliar spraying of fertilizers: In the later stage of wheat growth, spraying foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves can improve the photosynthesis efficiency of wheat, increase grain weight and yield. Generally, wheat should be sprayed once during the greening stage, jointing stage, before flowering and pollination, and filling stage. Use 50 to 100 grams of 99% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and add 20 kilograms of water and spray evenly.

4. Water Management

Arrange irrigation time and amount reasonably according to the needs of wheat growth and local climatic conditions. Before sowing wheat, you must first prepare the soil, and then prepare the land for sowing to ensure that all seedlings grow at one time. You can water the wheat once before winter to ensure that the wheat overwinters safely. During the greening and jointing period, you can water the wheat with general greening water to promote early greening of the wheat. During the jointing period, you can water the wheat once with jointing water to increase the ear formation rate. During the wheat filling period, you can water the wheat once with filling water to promote grain filling and prevent dry hot winds. Irrigation should achieve the goal of "using water to adjust fertilizer, using water to adjust air, and using water to adjust temperature".

5. Pest and disease control

1. Prevention first: Improve wheat's disease resistance by selecting disease-resistant varieties, applying fertilizers rationally, irrigating scientifically and other measures.

2. Integrated prevention and control: adopt a combination of agricultural prevention, biological control and chemical prevention to effectively control the occurrence of wheat diseases and pests.

3. Apply pesticides at the right time: In the early stages of pests and diseases, promptly use high-efficiency, low-toxicity, and low-residue pesticides for prevention and control. At the same time, pay attention to the safe use of pesticides to avoid harm to the environment and human body.

6. Harvest and Storage

1. Harvest at the right time: After the wheat matures, it should be harvested in time to avoid losses due to weather and other reasons. Make sure the wheat is clean and free of impurities when harvesting.

2. Storage management: The harvested wheat is dried to reduce the moisture content and prevent mildew. During storage, attention should be paid to ventilation, moisture-proof, insect-proof and other measures to ensure the quality and safety of wheat.

To sum up, the key points of high-yield wheat cultivation technology include soil preparation, variety selection, sowing management, fertilizer management, water management, pest and disease control, harvesting and storage, etc. Through scientific management and technological application, the yield and quality of wheat can be effectively improved.